Welcome to the coastal charm of Alexandria, where history whispers through the salty breeze and ancient structures stand as guardians of a rich past. In this exploration, we dive into the heart of Alexandria’s maritime history—the Citadel of Qaitbay. Nestled along the Mediterranean shores, this formidable fortress has witnessed centuries of conquests and triumphs, leaving an indelible mark on Egypt’s historical tapestry.

The Citadel of Qaitbay was built in 1477 by Sultan Al-Ashraf Sayf al-Din Inal, also known as Al-Ashraf Qaitbay. The Sultan was a Mamluk ruler who served as the governor of Alexandria before ascending to the throne. The fortress was constructed on the site of the ancient Pharos Lighthouse, which was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The lighthouse was destroyed by earthquakes in the 14th century, leaving behind only ruins.

The construction of the Citadel of Qaitbay was a strategic move by Sultan Qaitbay to defend Alexandria against Ottoman invasions. The fortress served as a military stronghold and a naval base for several centuries. During the Ottoman conquest of Egypt in 1517, the Citadel of Qaitbay played a crucial role in defending Alexandria against Ottoman forces.

Qaitbay Citadel is considered one of the important archaeological sites to which many groups come to support it from all countries of the world, and it is placed on the most important tourist programs, whether internally or externally.

The fortress consists of four main towers, each with its own unique features.

The first tower is the main entrance tower, which is located on the eastern side of the fortress. The tower features a large wooden door with intricate carvings and iron hinges. Inside the tower, there is a small courtyard that leads to a staircase that ascends to the upper levels of the fortress.

The second tower is located on the western side of the fortress and is known as the Barber Tower. This tower served as a barber shop during Ottoman times and still houses a barber shop today. The tower features a large circular window that provides stunning views of Alexandria’s harbor.

The third tower is located on the southern side of the fortress and is known as the Powder Tower. This tower served as a storage area for gunpowder during Ottoman times and still houses some old cannons today. The tower features a large circular window that provides stunning views of Alexandria’s coastline.

The fourth tower is located on the northern side of the fortress and is known as the Watchtower. This tower served as an observation post for soldiers during Ottoman times and still houses some old cannons today. The tower features a large circular window that provides stunning views of Alexandria’s harbor and coastline.

The Citadel of Qaitbay stands as a living testament to Alexandria’s enduring spirit and its historical significance as a maritime powerhouse. As you step into this fortress, you step back in time, where the echoes of waves and the whispers of history create an immersive experience that connects past, present, and future. Discover the legacy of Qaitbay’s Citadel and let its walls narrate the captivating tale of Alexandria’s defensive fortress.